A Tooth’s normal condition finds the underlying dentin of the tooth (the layer that immediately surrounds the nerve) that is covered by the tooth’s enamel, and the gums that surround the tooth. Over time, the tooth’s enamel covering can get thinner and worn down, thus providing less protection. The gums can also recede over time, exposing the underlying root surface dentin.

The dentin contains a large number of pores or tubes that run from the outside of the tooth to the nerve in the center and when the dentin becomes exposed, these tubes can be stimulated by changes in temperature or certain foods.
Exposure of the dentin can occur due to a number of factors.

Some of the more common reasons are:

• Gum recession due to age or improper tooth brushing Acidic beverages (such as soda) that cause enamel erosion and dentin exposure

• Tooth grinding – this may actually cause most or all of the teeth to feel sensitive

• Brushing with a very abrasive toothpaste, brushing incorrectly and/or brushing more than three times a day could result in a loss of enamel Gum disease, which can result in gum recession

• A chipped or fractured tooth may expose the dentin

• Some dental treatments can cause sensitivity. Treatments such as such as teeth whitening, professional dental cleanings, having braces put on or getting a filling placed have been known to cause sensitivity during or after the procedure.